Zogulitsa
Dexamethasone
Zomangamanga Formula
Zakuthupi
Maonekedwe: ufa woyera
Kuchuluka: 1.1283
Malo osungunuka: 262-264°C
Malo otentha: 568.2±50.0°C
Data Data
Gulu lowopsa: Katundu wamba
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati anti-inflammatory and anti-allergenic.Ndi oyenera nyamakazi ndi matenda ena kolajeni.
Dexamethasone (DXMS) idapangidwa koyamba mu 1957 ndipo idalembedwa mu WHO Essential Medicines Standard List ngati amodzi mwamankhwala ofunikira pamakina oyambira azaumoyo.
Pa Juni 16, 2020, WHO idati zotsatira zoyeserera zakuchipatala ku United Kingdom zikuwonetsa kuti dexamethasone imatha kupulumutsa miyoyo ya odwala omwe ali ndi chibayo choopsa, kuchepetsa imfa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a odwala omwe ali ndi ma ventilator komanso pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu kwa odwala omwe akudwala. oxygen yokha.
Dexamethasone ndi corticosteroid yopangira yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda a rheumatic, matenda ena a khungu, chifuwa chachikulu, mphumu, matenda a m'mapapo, matenda a laryngitis, edema ya ubongo, ndipo mwina kuphatikizapo maantibayotiki odwala chifuwa chachikulu.Lili ndi chiwerengero cha mimba cha C ku United States, chomwe chimafuna kuunika kuti mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imaposa zotsatira zake zisanayambe kuperekedwa, komanso mlingo wa A ku Australia, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa amayi apakati. ndi kuti palibe umboni wa kuvulazidwa kwa fetal.
Zotsatira za Pharmacological
Dexamethasone, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti flumethasone, fluprednisolone, ndi dexamethasone, ndi glucocorticoid.Zotsatira zake zimaphatikizapo hydrocortisone, prednisone, etc. Zotsatira zake za pharmacological zimakhala zotsutsana ndi zotupa, anti-toxic, anti-allergenic ndi anti-rheumatic, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazochitika zachipatala.Madzi a m'magazi a T1/2 ndi mphindi 190 ndipo minofu T1/2 ndi masiku atatu.Kuchuluka kwa magazi a dexamethasone sodium phosphate kapena dexamethasone acetate kumafika pa ola limodzi ndi maola 8 motsatana mutatha jekeseni mu mnofu.Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a plasma a mankhwalawa ndi otsika kuposa a corticosteroids ena.Ntchito yotsutsa-kutupa ya 0,75 mg ndi yofanana ndi 5 mg ya prednisolone.Adrenocorticosteroids, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergenic ndi anti-toxic zotsatira zimakhala zamphamvu kuposa prednisone, ndipo zotsatira za kusunga sodium ndi potassium excretion ndizowala kwambiri.
1. Anti-inflammatory effect: Ikhoza kuchepetsa ndi kuteteza kuyankha kwa minofu ku kutupa, motero kuchepetsa kuwonetsera kwa kutupa.Mahomoni ziletsa kudzikundikira yotupa maselo, kuphatikizapo macrophages ndi leukocytes, pa malo kutupa ndi ziletsa phagocytosis, kumasulidwa kwa michere lysosomal, ndi kaphatikizidwe ndi kumasulidwa kwa mankhwala amkhalapakati kutupa.
2. Zotsatira za immunosuppressive: kuphatikizapo kupewa kapena kulepheretsa kuyankhidwa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuchedwa kusagwirizana, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha T lymphocytes, monocytes, ndi eosinophils, kuchepetsa mphamvu yomanga ya ma immunoglobulins ku maselo apamwamba, ndi kulepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ndi kutulutsidwa kwa interleukins. , potero amachepetsa kutembenuka kwa T lymphocytes kukhala ma lymphoblasts ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa mayankho oyambira a chitetezo chamthupi.Imachepetsa kupitilira kwa chitetezo chamthupi kudzera mu nembanemba yapansi ndipo imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zigawo zofananira ndi ma immunoglobulins.
Imatengedwa mosavuta kuchokera ku thirakiti la GI, ndi plasma T1/2 ya mphindi 190 ndi minofu T1/2 ya masiku atatu.Pachimake woipa m`magazi kufika pa 1 ola ndi 8 mawola mu mnofu jekeseni wa dexamethasone sodium mankwala kapena dexamethasone acetate, motero.Kumanga kwa mapuloteni a plasma a mankhwalawa ndi otsika kuposa corticosteroids ena, ndipo ntchito yotsutsa-kutupa ya mankhwalawa 0,75 mg ndi ofanana ndi 5 mg wa prednisolone.
