Zogulitsa
Diethyl Maleate
Zomangamanga Formula
Zakuthupi
Maonekedwe: madzi owonekera opanda mtundu
Kachulukidwe: 1.064 g/mL pa 25 °C (lit.)
Malo osungunuka: -10 °C (kuyatsa)
Malo otentha: 225 ° C (lit.)
Kuchuluka kwa nthunzi: 5.93 (vs mpweya)
Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi: 1mm Hg (14°C)
Refractivity:n20/D 1.441 (lit.)
Phokoso la Flash: 200°F
Data Data
Ndi katundu wamba
Customs kodi: 2917190090
Mtengo Wobweza Msonkho Wotumiza kunja (%): 9%
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo pokonzekera malathion, mankhwala ophera tizilombo a organophosphorus, komanso chapakatikati pamankhwala, mafuta onunkhira ndi stabilizer yamadzi (organic polycarboxylic acid phosphonic acid pawiri).Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito monga zosungunulira kwa utomoni ndi nitrocellulose, plasticizer, kaphatikizidwe organic, tizilombo, polima monoma ndi pulasitiki wothandizira.
Katundu ndi bata
Khola kutentha ndi kupanikizika.Zoletsedwa zinthu: oxidizing wothandizira, kuchepetsa wothandizila, zidulo, zapansi.Ikhoza kuwotchedwa, tcherani khutu ku gwero la moto pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito ndi kusunga.Kupewa kupuma mpweya ndi kupewa kukhudzana ndi khungu.
Njira yosungira
Sungani pamalo ozizira, owuma ndi mpweya wabwino.Samalirani gwero la moto mukamagwiritsa ntchito ndikusunga.
Synthesis njira
1. Amapangidwa ndi esterification ya maleic anhydride ndi ethanol pamaso pa sulfuric acid;Itha kupezekanso posinthana ndi kusinthana kwa cation resin monga chothandizira.Zomwe zili mu diethyl maleate mu malonda a mafakitale ndi ≥98%, ndipo tani iliyonse ya mankhwala imadya 585kg ya maleic anhydride (95%) ndi 604kg ya ethanol (95%).
2. Njira yake yokonzekera imapangidwa makamaka ndi esterification ya maleic anhydride ndi ethanol pamaso pa sulfuric acid.Njirayi ili ndi mitundu iwiri yamphamvu ya mumlengalenga yokhala ndi benzene esterification komanso kupanikizika koyipa popanda benzene esterification.
(1) Kuthamanga kwa mumlengalenga ndi benzene esterification
Onjezani kuchuluka kwa benzene ndi ethanol mumphika wa esterification reaction, ikani mu maleic anhydride, onjezerani sulfuric acid dropwise pansi pa kusonkhezera, kutentha kupyolera mu nthunzi ya jekete, ndi kupanga reactants kukumana ndi esterification reaction pafupifupi 75 ℃.Madzi opangidwa amachotsedwa ndi ternary azeotropic distillation ndi benzene ndi ethanol, ndipo gawo lapamwamba la benzene ndi ethanol madzi limasinthidwa ku mphika.Pafupifupi 13 ~ 14h kenako, kutentha kwa nsanja ya distillation kukakwera mpaka 68.2 ℃, olekanitsa madzi otsika sakukweranso, kusonyeza kuti madzi onse mumphika amachitira nthunzi, momwe esterification yatha.Imani reflux, pitilizani distillation mpaka 95-100 ℃, distillation wa benzene ndi ethanol.Kuziziritsa pafupifupi 50 ℃, neutralize ndi 5% amadzimadzi sodium carbonate solution, sambani ndi madzi ndiyeno chotsani otsalira benzene ndi Mowa pansi vacuum kupeza mankhwala diethyl maleic acid.
(2) Negative pressure benzene-free esterification
Esterification wa maleic anhydride ndi Mowa pansi pa zochita za sulfuric acid ikuchitika pansi pa vakuyumu inayake ndi kutentha kutulutsa Mowa ndi madzi kwaiye anachita mu mpweya boma, ndiyeno Mowa anapatukana kupyolera fractionation ndime kuti reflux. esterification, kotero kuti zomwe zimachitika zimakhala zathunthu.Njira imeneyi akhoza kufupikitsa anachita mkombero, kusintha zokolola ndi mankhwala khalidwe, kusintha malo opaleshoni, ambiri zoweta kupanga zomera ntchito njira imeneyi.
Kuphatikiza apo, cation exchange resin itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chothandizira kusinthana kuti apange diethyl maleic acid.
Kuyenga njira: kutsuka ndi kuchepetsa potaziyamu carbonate njira, kuyanika ndi anhydrous potaziyamu carbonate kapena sodium sulphate ndi distillation pansi pa kupanikizika.
